水气联合雾化制备超细铁粉及其在激光焊锯片上的应用

李鑫; 李世进; 乐晨; 樊子民; 蔡佳宁

doi:10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0103

水气联合雾化制备超细铁粉及其在激光焊锯片上的应用

doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2022.0103

李鑫^{1, 3},
李世进²,
乐晨^3, ,,
樊子民^1,,
蔡佳宁^{1, 3}

1.
西安科技大学材料科学与工程学院, 西安710000
2.
泉州众志新材料科技有限公司, 福建泉州 362000
3.
泉州天智合金材料科技有限公司, 福建泉州 362000

详细信息

作者简介:
樊子民，男，1977年生，副教授。主要研究方向：先进陶瓷及复合材料。E-mail：fanzimin@126.com

通讯作者:
乐晨，男，1986年生，工程师。主要研究方向：金属制粉。E-mail：metallc@sina.com

中图分类号: TG74; TF123; TG71
计量
- 文章访问数: 757
- HTML全文浏览量: 306
- PDF下载量: 42
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-30
- 修回日期: 2022-09-13
- 录用日期: 2023-09-20
- 刊出日期: 2023-06-20

Preparation of ultra-fine iron powders by water-gas atomization and its application on laser welding saw blades

LI Xin^{1, 3},
LI Shijin²,
LE Chen^{3
, ,},
FAN Zimin^1
,,
CAI Jianing^{1, 3}

1.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Xi′an, Xi′an 710000, China
2.
ZHONGZHI Advanced Material Technology Co., Ltd., Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China
3.
TIZ Advanced Alloy Technology Co., Ltd., Quanzhou 362000, Fujian, China

摘要

摘要:
用水气联合雾化工艺制备超细铁粉，对比超细铁粉、还原铁粉和羰基铁粉的物性和微观形貌，并在一定的热压工艺下制备3种铁粉的烧结块，考察其断口形貌和力学性能；同时，在一定焊接条件下将3种铁粉应用于激光焊锯片的过渡层，考察其焊接性能。结果表明：水气联合雾化工艺制备的超细铁粉颗粒较细、氧含量低、纯度和球形度高、烧结活性好；且烧结块断口存在明显韧窝组织，其韧性较高，在较低的烧结温度下便可达到较大的致密度、硬度及抗弯强度。将超细铁粉应用到激光焊锯片过渡层中，锯片焊接强度远高于欧盟EN13236标准规定的600 MPa。在烧结压力为35 MPa、烧结温度为810 ℃、保温时间为3 min时制作刀头，再用此刀头制作锯片，锯片达到的最大焊接强度为1 900 MPa。
- 水气联合雾化 /
- 超细铁粉 /
- 激光焊锯片 /
- 过渡层 /
- 焊接强度
Abstract:
Ultra-fine iron powder was prepared by water-gas atomization process. The physical properties and the micro morphologies of the ultra-fine iron powder, the reduced iron powder and the carbonyl iron powder were compared. The sintered blocks of three kinds of iron powders were prepared under a certain hot pressing process, and their fracture morphologies and mechanical properties were investigated. At the same time, the three kinds of iron powders were applied to the transition layer of laser welding saw blades under certain welding conditions to investigate their welding performances. The results show that the ultra-fine iron powder prepared by water-gas atomization process has fine particles, lower oxygen content, higher purity and sphericity, and better sintering activity. There are obvious dimple structures on the fracture surface of the sintered block, which has higher toughness and can achieve greater density, hardness and bending strength at lower sintering temperature. When the ultra-fine iron powder is applied to the transition layer of the laser welding saw blade, the welding strength of the saw blade is much higher than 600 MPa specified in the EU EN13236 standard. When the sintering pressure is 35 MPa, the sintering temperature is 810 ℃ and the holding time is 3 min, the cutter head is made, and then the saw blade is made with this cutter head. The maximum welding strength of the saw blade is 1 900 MPa.
- water-gas atomization /
- ultra-fine iron powder /
- laser welding saw blade /
- transition layer /
- weld strength

HTML全文

图 1 水气联合雾化机理

Figure 1. Water-air atomization mechanism

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 激光焊接过程

Figure 2. Process of laser welding

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 成品锯片

Figure 3. Finished saw blades

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 3种粉末的微观形貌

Figure 4. Micro morphologies of three kinds of iron powders

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 烧结块断口形貌

Figure 5. Fracture morphologies of sintered blocks

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 6 不同烧结温度下的烧结块致密度

Figure 6. Density of sintered blocks at different sintering temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同烧结温度下的烧结块硬度

Figure 7. Hardness of sintered blocks at different sintering temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 8 不同烧结温度下的烧结块抗弯强度

Figure 8. Bending strength of sintered blocks at different sintering temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 9 不同烧结温度下锯片焊接强度的平均值

Figure 9. Average welding strengths of saw blades at different sintering temperatures

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 刀头过渡层和工作层配方

Table 1. Formula of transition layer and working layer of tools

编号	材料	过渡层质量分数 ω₁ / %			工作层
编号	材料	Fe	Ni	FeCu40	金刚石浓度 ρ₁ / %	FeCu40 质量分数 ω₂ / %
A1	还原铁粉	69	18.5	12.5	40	余量
B1	羰基铁粉	69	18.5	12.5	40	余量
C1	超细铁粉	69	18.5	12.5	40	余量

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 3种粉末的物性检测数据

Table 2. Result of physical properties of three kinds of iron powders

编号	铁质量分数 $ {\mathrm{\omega }}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}} $ / %	氧质量分数 $ {\omega }_{\mathrm{o}} $ / %	碳质量分数 $ {\omega }_{\mathrm{c}} $ / %	激光粒度 D / μm			松装密度 ρ₂ / (g·cm⁻³)
编号	铁质量分数 $ {\mathrm{\omega }}_{\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}} $ / %	氧质量分数 $ {\omega }_{\mathrm{o}} $ / %	碳质量分数 $ {\omega }_{\mathrm{c}} $ / %	D₁₀	D₅₀	D₉₀	松装密度 ρ₂ / (g·cm⁻³)
A1	≥98.0	0.422 9	0.020 4	17.71	35.75	66.58	2.74
B1	≥99.0	0.184 7	0.075 8	3.254	6.759	16.13	2.60
C1	≥99.9	0.175 0	0.003 4	3.253	5.658	15.77	2.81

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 不同烧结温度下锯片的焊接强度

Table 3. Welding strength of the saw blades at different sintering temperatures

编号	烧结温度 θ / ℃
	760	810	860	910
	焊接强度 σ / MPa
A1	1100 1100 1300 1300 1400 1400	1500 1500 1500 1500 1500 1500	1200 1200 1300 1300 1400 1400	1300 1300 1400 1400 1500 1500
平均值	1200	1500	1300	1400
B1	1500 1500 1700 1700 1700 2000	1600 1700 1800 1800 1900 2100	1500 1600 1700 1700 1700 1800	1800 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900
平均值	1700	1800	1700	1 900
C1	1600 1700 1700 1700 1800 1800	1800 1 900 1 900 1 900 1 900 2 000	1700 1800 1 900 1 900 1 900 2 000	1800 1800 1800 1800 1800 1800
平均值	1700	1 900	1800	1800

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(17)

[1]	王志刚. 激光焊金刚石圆锯片的无损检测 [J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2001(6):19-20. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2001.06.006 WANG Zhigang. Non-damage measurement of laser weld diamond circular saw blade [J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2001(6):19-20. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2001.06.006
[2]	罗锡裕, 徐燕军, 张广宁, 等. 金刚石锯片焊接部位的组织结构与力学性能 [J]. 粉末冶金工业,2016,26(6):1-7. doi: 10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1006-6543.20160108 LUO Xiyu, XU Yanjun, ZHANG Guangning, et al. Microstructure and mechanical properties of welding zones of diamond saw blade [J]. Powder Metallurgy Industry,2016,26(6):1-7. doi: 10.13228/j.boyuan.issn1006-6543.20160108
[3]	申思, 宋月清, 汪礼敏, 等. 一种激光焊接金刚石锯片过渡层用预合金粉末的性能研究 [J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2007(4):32-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2007.04.009 SHEN Si, SONG Yueqing, WANG Limin, et al. Study on pre-alloyed powder used as backing powder in laser welding diamond tools [J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2007(4):32-35. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2007.04.009
[4]	CESAR M G M M, MANTEL M J. Effect of the temperature and dew point of the decarburization process on the oxide subscale of a 3% silicon steel [J]. Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,2003,254/255:337-339. doi: 10.1016/S0304-8853(02)00836-3
[5]	李立波, 唐霞辉, 秦应雄, 等. 激光焊接金刚石工具过渡层预合金粉末研究 [J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2005(2):56-60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2005.02.017 LI Libo, TANG Xiahui, QIN Yingxiong, et al. Developing status of pre-alloyed backing powder used in laser welded diamond tools [J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2005(2):56-60. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2005.02.017
[6]	向波, 谢志刚, 贺跃辉, 等. 激光焊接金刚石工具用铁钴预合金粉末的制备与性能 [J]. 机械工程材料,2007(10):55-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3738.2007.10.017 XIANG Bo, XIE Zhigang, HE Yuehui, et al. Preparation and performance of prealloyed powder for laser welding diamond tools [J]. Materials for Mechanical Engineering,2007(10):55-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-3738.2007.10.017
[7]	杨海鲸, 朱晓云, 龙晋明, 等. 超细银粉制备方法的研究进展 [J]. 热加工工艺,2017,46(24):20-24. doi: 10.14158/j.cnki.1001-3814.2017.24.005 YANG Haijing, ZHU Xiaoyun, LONG Jinming, et al. Research progress of preparation methods of ultrafine silver powder [J]. Hot Working Technology,2017,46(24):20-24. doi: 10.14158/j.cnki.1001-3814.2017.24.005
[8]	朱杰, 宗伟, 李志, 等. 水气联合雾化法制备微细球形金属粉末 [J]. 材料研究与应用,2016,10(3):201-204. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9981.2016.03.010 ZHU Jie, ZONG Wei, LI Zhi, et al. Preparation of spherical fine metal powder by hybrid water-gas atomization [J]. Materials Research and Application,2016,10(3):201-204. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9981.2016.03.010
[9]	刘坤杰, 乐晨, 赵放, 等. 水气联合雾化法制备铁基预合金粉末及其在金刚石工具中的应用 [J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2018,38(2):32-36. doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2018.2.0007 LIU Kunjie, LE Chen, ZHAO Fang, et al. Preparation of iron-based pre-alloyed powders by water-gas atomization and its application in diamond tools [J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2018,38(2):32-36. doi: 10.13394/j.cnki.jgszz.2018.2.0007
[10]	马毅龙, 郭志猛, 罗骥, 等. 氧化物弥散强化铁粉在金刚石工具中的应用 [J]. 金刚石与磨料磨具工程,2011,31(5):84-87, 90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2011.05.019 MA Yilong, GUO Zhimeng, LUO Ji, et al. Application of ODS iron-powder in diamond tools [J]. Diamond & Abrasives Engineering,2011,31(5):84-87, 90. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-852X.2011.05.019
[11]	章林, 吕元之, 邵健, 等. 粘结化铁基粉末的高速压制成形与烧结行为研究 [J]. 粉末冶金技术, 2012, 30(1): 57-62. ZHANG Lin, LV Yuanzhi, SHAO Jian, et al. Study on high velocity compaction and sintering behaviour of bonding treated ferrous powder [J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology, 2012, 30(1): 57-62.
[12]	DAI H, WANG L, ZHANG J, et al. Iron based partially pre-alloyed powders as matrix materials for diamond tools [J]. Powder Metallurgy,2015,58(2):83-86. doi: 10.1179/0032589915Z.000000000220
[13]	安传锋, 何浩, 李益民, 等. C和Nb添加对金属注射成形420不锈钢组织及性能的影响 [J]. 广西科技大学学报,2018,29(2):63-69, 96. doi: 10.16375/j.cnki.cn45-1395/t.2018.02.010 AN Chuanfeng, HE Hao, LI Yimin, et al. Effect of carbon and Nb on sintering densification and mechanical properties of MIM 420 stainless steel [J]. Journal of Guangxi University of Science and Technology,2018,29(2):63-69, 96. doi: 10.16375/j.cnki.cn45-1395/t.2018.02.010
[14]	潘晓毅, 谢德龙, 林峰, 等. 激光焊接金刚石工具过渡层配方设计初步研究 [J]. 超硬材料工程,2018,30(4):11-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1433.2018.04.003 PAN Xiaoyi, XIE Delong, LIN Feng, et al. Preliminary study on the powder formula design of laser-welded diamond tool′s transition layer [J]. Superhard Material Engineering,2018,30(4):11-15. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1433.2018.04.003
[15]	ZHANG H T, XIAO C J, ZHU L Y, et al. Structure and mechanical properties of impregnated diamond cutting tools using Cu-based metal matrix [J]. Advanced Materials Research,2014,873:30-35.
[16]	王新月, 李松林, 刘向阳, 等. 添加Fe-Ni粉对Fe-4Ni-0.4C低合金钢组织与性能的影响 [J]. 粉末冶金材料科学与工程,2021,26(5):428-435. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0224.2021.05.006 WANG Xinyue, LI Songlin, LIU Xiangyang, et al. Effect of adding the Fe-Ni powder on the structure and properties of Fe-4Ni-0.4C low-alloy steel [J]. Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy,2021,26(5):428-435. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-0224.2021.05.006
[17]	蒙光海, 雷晓旭, 卢安军, 等. CuSn15和Fe对无压烧结金刚石工具胎体性能的影响 [J]. 粉末冶金技术,2015,33(2):105-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3784.2015.02.005 MENG Guanghai, LEI Xiaoxu, LU Anjun, et al. Effects of CuSn15 and Fe on the properties of pressureless sintered diamond tools matrix [J]. Powder Metallurgy Technology,2015,33(2):105-110. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-3784.2015.02.005