Research status and prospect of additive manufacturing diamond tools
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摘要: 随着金刚石工具朝着形状复杂化、结构精密化、性能高端化等方向发展,常规金刚石制造工艺受成形原理限制较难满足上述要求,亟须寻求新的金刚石工具制造工艺。增材制造是一项新兴的、降三维制造为二维制造的技术,近年来开始应用于复杂结构金刚石工具的制造。本文综述了激光选区熔化、激光选区烧结、立体光固化成形等目前主流增材制造工艺成形金刚石工具的研究进展,详细介绍了3种工艺的成形原理,重点阐述了不同工艺中金刚石与胎体材料的界面结合问题,简要对比了3种增材制造工艺成形金刚石工具的差异。最后,对未来增材制造金刚石工具的研究重点进行了展望。Abstract: In recent years, diamond tools are developing in new directions such as complex shape, precise structure and high-end performance. However, limited by the forming principle, it is difficult to meet the above requirements through conventional manufacturing processes. Therefore, there is an urgent need to seek new methods. As an emerging manufacturing technology, additive manufacturing technology has been applied to the manufacture of diamond tools with complex structures in recent years owing to its characteristics of turning three-dimensional manufacturing into two-dimensional manufacturing. This paper reviews the research progress of the current mainstream means to fabricate diamond tools through additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser melting, selective laser sintering and stereo lithography appearance. The forming principles of the three methods are introduced in detail, focusing on the interface combination of diamond and matrix material under different processes. At the same time, the differences of the three additive manufacturing methods for forming diamond tools are briefly compared. Finally, the future research priorities are prospected and some suggestions are put forward.
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Key words:
- additive manufacturing /
- diamond tools /
- matrix material /
- interface combination
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图 1 AM成形的金刚石工具
(a)八面通孔砂轮Porous grinding wheel (b)Cu-Sn-Ti结合剂工作层Cu-Sn-Ti binder working layer (c)Ti6Al4V结合剂工作层Ti6Al4V binder working layer(d)栅格状砂轮Grid-shaped grinding wheel(e)Co-Cr-Mo结合剂砂轮 Co-Cr-Mo binder grinding wheel(f)尼龙填料结合剂砂轮Nylon filler binder grinding wheel
Figure 1. Diamond tools formed by AM
表 1 不同AM工艺成形金刚石工具情况对比
Table 1. Comparison of different AM processes
成形工艺 常用胎体材料 材料成形方式 胎体与金刚石结合强度 金刚石热损伤及石墨化 生产成本 常用后处理方法 SLM 金属 熔化–凝固 强 严重 高 热处理 SLS 金属、陶瓷、高分子 半固态液相烧结 较强 较轻 中 清粉处理 SLA 光敏树脂 液态–固态 适中 轻微 低 后固化、缺陷处修补 -
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